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Free Essays on Why Winston Is A Critical Thinker

he wrote in his little journal, a journal which could get Winston in a difficult situation with the Thought Police. However, to Winston communicating ... Free Essays on Why Winston Is A Critical Thinker Free Essays on Why Winston Is A Critical Thinker Being a basic scholar isn’t simple. It’s an ability that must be gained after some time and practice. Being a basic mastermind implies that you don’t just gander at the realities yet you take a gander at a thought from each conceivable edge, while defining your own contemplations and implications. The character of Winston from George Orwell’s 1984 is an ideal case of a basic scholar. Winston can ponder Big Brother, since he can detail his own thoughts on what is good and bad about the parties’ strategies. Winston’s thoughts figured through reasoning basically cause him to rebel against the parties’ concealment of sex, truth and free pondering. Despite the fact that Winston’s activities lead to his torment, it is sheltered to state that his basic reasoning brings him genuine in light of the fact that he can think outside the air pocket and become a person. Orwell comparable to Winston was additionally a basic scholar. Truth be to ld, Orwell utilized the character of Winston to communicate his own basic perspectives on government, and to impact his crowd to become basic masterminds Toward the beginning of 1984, the peruser discovers that Winston the hero is living in a cruel and abusive world, a world were everybody has been programmed to think as Big Brother needs them to think, and not as people. From the beginning of the book Winston shows that he doesn’t fit in with how the administration needs him to act. He is a basic mastermind since he doesn’t think like every other person. The various residents simply acknowledge that there are telescreens letting out promulgation and keeping a close eye on them, or that Big Brother controls and screens all activities of their lives. Winston doesn’t acclimate his thoughts like Big Brother needs him to, rather Winston considers insubordination and opportunity. â€Å"Down with Big Brother,† were the words he wrote in his little journal, a journal which could get Winston in a difficult situation with the Thought Police. In any case, to Winston communicating ...

Creating A Reassure Research Paper

Creating A Reassure Research PaperThe most effective tools for research papers are the ones that compel the reader to think. Although they may use a lot of standard formatting and page-oriented layout, it's the way they affect the reader's mind that makes them successful.Though the presentation may be full of fancy charts and graphs, the reader still wants to be able to stop and look at the graph, or the page, that is on their desk. If they aren't aware that they can click a button to take a look at the text, it's going to be easy to lose interest or even leave the page without finding out anything new.To prepare for a proper research paper, the author should first look at the main methods that readers use to get information. Most people will do some type of research, whether it be reading a book, researching through a website, or researching online. Then the author should study these methods and come up with a way to incorporate them into their presentation.When someone reads, the f irst thing they see is the proper paper format, so they will be looking at this part first. With the proper paper format, the reader will be able to quickly scan the paper and find the information they need to. They don't have to be distracted by the presentation style or visuals. Instead, they will be able to focus on the information the author puts in front of them.One of the main reasons that research papers are not as effective as they could be is due to the fact that many authors read just the first draft and leave it at that. They aren't likely to take the time to consider other things that might be important to the paper. It is so easy to turn a research paper into just another product. One that get published, but doesn't take the time to consider what it could become.There is an art to writing a unique research paper. However, it takes a lot of time and patience to come up with these things. But if you can go into your research paper knowing what you're doing, you will be ab le to create a different experience from everyone else.Once you have a plan of attack, the next step is to create the structure that will be used to meet the main goals. For example, you may want to tackle the main reasons that you need to write a paper. The reason is just that you need to write a paper and don't care where it ends up.Once you have this structure, you can start writing about your specific topic. However, keep in mind that the research paper must be easy to understand. Even if you are writing for the public, make sure that you understand the basics of the topic, especially if you are going to go into more depth later on.

Strategic Human Resource Management View.Pdf Uploaded...

VIEW Strategic Human Resource Management Taken from: Strategic Human Resource Management, Second Edition by Charles R. Greer Copyright  © 2001, 1995 by Prentice-Hall, Inc. A Pearson Education Company Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 Compilation Copyright  © 2003 by Pearson Custom Publishing All rights reserved. This copyright covers material written expressly for this volume by the editor/s as well as the compilation itself. It does not cover the individual selections herein that first appeared elsewhere. ii Permission to reprint these has been obtained by Pearson Custom Publishing for this edition only. Further reproduction by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by any†¦show more content†¦301 OVERVIEW OF HUMAN RESOURCE PLANNING ......... 307 MANAGERIAL ISSUES IN PLANNING........................ 314 SELECTING FORECASTING TECHNIQUES ................ 319 FORECASTING THE SUPPLY OF HUMAN RESOURCES.......................................................... 326 FORECASTING THE DEMAND FOR HUMAN RESOURCES.......................................................... 348 SUMMARY............................................................. 363 NOTES.................................................................. 370 viii STRATEGIC HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT Table of Contents SECTION FOUR ...........................................................384 Strategy Implementation: Workforce Utilization and Employment Practices ....................385 EFFICIENT UTILIZATION OF HUMAN RESOURCES ... 386 DEALING WITH EMPLOYEE SHORTAGES ................. 397 SELECTION OF EMPLOYEES ................................... 406 DEALING WITH EMPLOYEE SURPLUSES .................. 416 SPECIAL IMPLEMENTATION CHALLENGES ............... 440 SUMMARY............................................................. 446 NOTES.................................................................. 451 Strategy Implementation: Reward and Development Systems...................................................................452 STRATEGICALLY ORIENTED PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS

The Effect of Western Civilization and Culture in Africa

Afro Asian Journal of Social Sciences Volume 1, No. 1 Quarter I V 2010 ISSN 2229 – 5313 THE EFFECTS OF WESTERN CIVILISATION AND CULTURE ON AFRICA Dare Arowolo (Lecturer, Dept. of Political Science Public Administration, Adekunle Ajasin University, Nigeria) ABSTRACT The central argument of this paper stems from the submission that colo nialism, slave trade and missionary are the platform upon which Western civilisation and culture thrive and are sustained. While insisting that Western civilisation and culture has precariously contaminated the traditional values o f Africa, the paper contends that Africa had established, well before the advent of colonialism, a pattern of home-grown political systems, governance process and generally†¦show more content†¦A new crop of elites was created, nurtured, and weaned on the altar of violence and colonialism armed with the structures of the modern state to continue to carry out the art and act of subjugation of the mass of the people in the service of colonialism (Mimiko, 2010:641-42). The above assertion was corroborated by Kasongo (2010:314) when he submits that â€Å"one could infer tha t when westernisation was imported to African countries, the hidden side of modernism was materialist interests. Civilisation was just another concept of domination: imposition of incoming new culture over traditional cultural values†. It is important to emphasise fundamentally that urgent and more decisive steps need to be taken in order to reorder and reverse this evanescent trend of cultural emptiness, without which Africa may experience seasons of cultural extinction and drought of African values. It is appalling Afro Asian Journal of Social Sciences Volume 1, No. 1 Quarter I V 2010 ISSN 2229 – 5313 to note that two hundred years or so of colonisation were not only destructive in terms of cultural heritage and values for which Africa was famous before colonialism but also precariously retrogressive as the continent was robbed of decades of opportunities- opportunities of self-development, opportunities ofShow MoreRelatedThe Perception of Africa as a Single Entity Essay708 Words   |  3 PagesLooking at Africa as a single entity has been an issue facing how the world perceives it. When news of Africa hits the stands it is rarely talking about specific places but rather a story about the whole of Africa. Viewing Africa as a single thing has lead most of the world, especially Western cultures, to see it in a generalized way which has led to a negative stereotype of Africa and its people. During the time of European expansion, many in Europe only knew of Africa, though the lettersRead MoreThe Golden Age Of Destruction998 Words   |  4 Pagessixteenth century was an era of European expansion on the Western World. Europeans have made many discoveries during their travels and also influenced every civilizations they had come across. This period of expansion, however, can be seen more as an age of destruction rather than an age of discovery. The Europeans have left a trail of negative effects on every route they took – the Americas, Africa, and including their own continent, Europe. The Effects on the Americas Prior to colonization, the AmericasRead MoreWestern Civilization And Its Impact On The Wider World860 Words   |  4 PagesWestern civilization has had an enormous outsize impact on the wider world in the last two centuries, primarily through spreading western ideas and assumptions about society. The source of the capability of these western civilizations to impact other regions of the world comes from their political philosophies. The two political philosophies that have allowed western civilizations to have such an impact are Leninism and liberalism. Both of these political philosophies generate immense power for aRead MoreA Review of How Europe Underdeveloped Africa998 Words   |  4 PagesHOW EUROPE UNDERDEVELOPED AFRICA AUTHOR –WALTER RODNEY (1972) Re: Published by Panaf Publishing Incorporated, Abuja – Nigeria. (By arrangement with Howard University Press, Washington) Book page: 361 (Three Hundred and sixty one) REVIEWER: NSE VICTOR O. Modern Africa historians have correctly stressed that Africa had a meaningful past long before the coming of the Europeans. Also Africa has been argued to be the cradle of the world civilization, but whether or not Africa went to sleep or signedRead MoreWesternization And Its Effects On Globalization And Westernization1134 Words   |  5 Pagesback to the Akkadian Empire in Mesopotamia, larger civilizations have sought to dominate other peoples while smaller nations have struggled to preserve their history, beliefs and culture. Various examples of this can be seen throughout history - assimilation of conquered lands into the Roman Empire, of native South Americans and Africans into Christianity and European culture during colonization, and the assimilation of Native Americans into the culture of the United States. Assimilation can also createRead MoreGreek And Roman Civilizations : Greece And Ancient Civilizations1503 Words   |  7 Pages Greek and Roman Civilizations In examining the impact that the ancient world has had on modern Western civilization, the two ancient civilizations which are frequently understood as having had the greatest influence are Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. These two civilizations would eventually come to shape much of what would become the modern European culture, politics and society, and by extension, a vast proportion of global culture and society. In scrutinizing the trajectory of modern historyRead MoreGreek And Roman Civilizations : Greece And Ancient Civilizations1498 Words   |  6 Pages Greek and Roman Civilizations In examining the impact that the ancient world has had on modern Western civilization, the two ancient civilizations which are frequently understood as having had the greatest influence are Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. These two civilizations would eventually come to shape much of what would become the modern European culture, politics and society, and by extension, a vast proportion of global culture and society. In examining the trajectory of modern historyRead MoreThe Impact Of Colonization On The Indigenous People Of Rhodesia Nervous Conditions 1711 Words   |  7 PagesIn Tsitsi Dangarembga’s Nervous Conditions, the natives of Rhodesia, Tambu and Nyasha, illustrate a hybrid identity crisis as a result of imperial oppression over the language and educational system of the nation. The role of English language and culture, imposed by colonial education, emphasizes the movement for natives to abandon their indigenous cultural and linguistic roots. The mental coloniza tion of the colonized by the means of English language, education, and European cultural values resultsRead MoreThe Globalization of Culture: Cultural Homogenization1707 Words   |  7 Pagesalso damages the unique cultural identities they once took pride in. This paper discusses the effects of globalization on culture, along with its positive and negative effects. Since the effects of globalization on culture are non-exhaustive, it is attempted to incorporate a few of the most significant ones. The origins of globalization are also discussed. I. Globalization—Towards a Homogenous Culture A. What is Globalization As Yazdani, (2009, p. 54) writes, globalization refers to the growingRead More Degeneration of Kurtz, Colonialism, and Imperialism in Heart of Darkness1025 Words   |  5 Pagesidealist mirage of civilizing work in Africa has to be one of the central themes of Heart of Darkness. This theme forms the background of the whole story, from beginning to end, before the character of Kurtz is even introduced.    The focus of Heart of Darkness is not on the direct effect of the colonial presence on the native population, but on the reflected effect on the colonial occupiers. Centrally, the whole story being told directly is the effect on Marlow of his colonial adventure

Multicultural Education

Question: Describe the goals of multicultural education, successful attributes of the educational leader and one weakness of the leader. Answer: Goals of Multicultural Education In an educational institution or in an organization there are people from diverse cultural background. The main aim or rather the goal of the multicultural education is to make sure that there is a promotion of equitable access as well as there is an achievement in the rigorous academic system, by different social groups (Bode, 2009). Multicultural education has the aim of bringing reforms in PK-12 schools and higher education. The particular theory challenges things like biasness and oppression and give more importance to multiple identities of the student. Successful Attributes of the Educational Leader The multicultural education system is greatly influenced by the learning actions of both the teachers and the students (King Baxter Magolda, 2005). The attitudes as well as the expectation of the teachers towards diversity, helps in addressing the goal of multicultural education. Thus, the three most successful attributes or the values of the educational leader include the leaders capability of delivering high standards, taking decision, as well as the capability of getting involved in any kind of innovation. The leaders in short should have the ability to work with students of diverse culture. The leaders of the multicultural educational organizational institute should have the leadership quality of the military leaders or the state leaders (Chang 2005). One Weakness of the Leader The most important weakness or a shortcoming that most often is being exhibited in a multicultural education leader includes the lack of understanding of the transformative quality of the multicultural education. Most of the times the educators fail to address the power relation that is there in multicultural education and especially the power relation that is related to racism. Thus, it is most important shortcomings that the educational leaders could face (Stone 2006 References Bode, P. (2009).Multicultural Education | Education.com.Education.com. Retrieved 22 March 2016, from https://www.education.com/reference/article/multicultural-education/ Chang, M. (2005).Reconsidering the Diversity Rationale.Association of American Colleges Universities. Retrieved 22 March 2016, from https://www.aacu.org/publications-research/periodicals/reconsidering-diversity-rationale King, P., Baxter Magolda, M. (2005). A Developmental Model of Intercultural Maturity.Journal Of College Student Development,46(6), 571-592. https://dx.doi.org/10.1353/csd.2005.0060 Stone, N. (2006).Conceptualising Intercultural Effectiveness for University Teaching.Academia.edu. Retrieved 22 March 2016, from https://www.academia.edu/349084/Conceptualising_Intercultural_Effectiveness_for_University_Teaching

CHapter 12 test history Flashcard

CHapter 12 test history

CamelCase

CamelCase CamelCase CamelCase By Maeve Maddox A reader commenting on my e-mail post brought my attention to a term I’d not heard before: It will end up simply as book, but before that happens it will be ebook- just as email ended up as email. eBook looks entirely too corporate to me, and I doubt if the general writing public will ever adopt camel case for anyThing, ever. Camel case, also appropriately spelled CamelCase, is the practice of writing a word with a capital inside it. For example: iPhone CinemaScope VistaVision AstroTurf The name comes from the fact that the uppercase letter makes a â€Å"hump† in the word. The Wiki article gives a long list of other terms for this practice. Here are a few: BumpyCaps, CamelBack, CamelCaps, CapWords, mixedCase, and RollerCoasterCaps. I have to agree that words written that way are a bit too cutesy to survive as real words. Thats not to say there is no practical use for the mingling of upper- and lowercase letters. For example, in chemistry: NaCl, AgF, BaSe, etc. As for the e-book poll, 326 DWT readers voted. The form e-book received 50% of the votes. The CamelCase version eBook came in second at 26%. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Spelling category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Spelling Test 1For Sale vs. On SaleHow Do You Pronounce "Often"?

Free sample - Assessment by Portfolio and Standardized Testing. translation missing

Assessment by Portfolio and Standardized Testing. Assessment by Portfolio and Standardized TestingComparison and Contrast between Assessment by Portfolio and Standardized Testing Assessment is an important aspect of evaluating a student performance and ability throughout their learning period. There are several types of assessment among them assessment by portfolio and standardized testing. These two types of assessment have many differences as opposed to similarities with portfolio assessment considered to be appropriate in the current education system in parts of the globe due to its merits. On the other hand standardized testing is considered as traditional method due to its reliance on multiple choice assessments thus not giving students enough room for developing their skill set.  Ã‚   Standardized tests are used by psychologists as primary basis for assessing cognitive abilities and academic achievement. Weiner, et al, (2003) indicated that â€Å"standardized tests may be administered to a group of people or students by the examiner so as to match the students to academic curricula† (p. 275). On the other hand portfolio assessment provides a means for gathering student work over a long period of time which demonstrates the student’s proficiency in one or more academic areas. As a result Weiner, et al, (2003) established that â€Å"unlike standardized tests portfolio assessment usually emphasizes on complex works that integrate multiple dimensions of proficiency such as performance assessments, essays, and recordings of student performances† (p. 277). Standardized tests are also known as traditional assessment or norm-referenced and they have been used for a long period of time as a means of evaluating student performance. Mundell DeLario (1994) found out that â€Å"standardized tests measure growth in basic skills and their content is based on the best of curriculum practices for diverse population† (p. 1). This type of tests is known to have several inadequacies hence as a result efforts have been made to come up with a more precise assessment method. Mundell DeLario (1994) further says that portfolio assessment was developed out of the need to review performance and to logically collect sections of scholar’s work which is based on what the students are familiar with or are capable to do. Compared to portfolio assessment, standardized tests have a numerous choice format which makes tests a simple and economical way to evaluate knowledge.   Mundell DeLario (1994) indicated that â€Å"information obtained from these type of tests used for reporting to the parents on their children’s progress in learning basic skills, determining the developmental level of students for instructional purposes and providing information helpful in planning programs or groupings for instruction† (p. 1). Portfolio assessment revolves around the assortment of work that shows an individual’s knowledge in an area a criterion which was embraced by the progressives. For example a student may be good in art and consequently as an artist’s portfolio this can include various segments indicating what he or she can do. When a portfolio assessment is assumed, it is used to bring together and weigh up multiple sources of information that confirms a scholar’s capability in terms of procedure and invention (Mundell DeLario, 1994). Where else standardized tests use multiple choices, portfolio assessment reflects students work in one or additional subject areas and the models are chosen by mutually the scholar and the tutor. These are gathered analytically over time and are utilized to assess student development. One of the limitations of standardized tests is that they quantify comprehension learned instead of demonstrating what the student comprehends and can be comfortably apply and put more attention on recall. Mundell DeLario (1994) continues to say that â€Å"the how and why of what students read and write, the strategies they apply and how this learning relates to other tasks and to new ideas are not measured by standardized† (p. 1). In addition it important to note that using standardized test it is not possible to assess student’s abilities, analyze reason, reflect, and persuade from multiple choice answers (Mundell DeLario, 1994). This type of tests does not assist the teachers to plan more effective lessons. As a result, Mundell DeLario (1994) argued that â€Å"standardized tests limit the planning of lessons geared towards the achievement of students needs† (p. 2). Portfolio assessment is known to present authenticity as one of its characteristic. Using this type of assessment the teacher is able to evaluate reading throughout a range of daily reading activities in the classroom thus using this type of assessment, students are appraised on the basis of comprehending strategies they exhibit, their reactions in their reading journals and their conversation with the teacher or with other classmates (Mundell DeLario, 1994). Furthermore, Mundell DeLario (1994) argued that â€Å"portfolio assessment creates an accurate picture of achievement because it directly involves the teacher and students in establishing criteria for evaluation† (p. 3). This means that using portfolio assessment there is a undeviating relationship amid what is learned and what is evaluated, and learners know from the start of an assignment what they are expected to accomplish. Unlike in standardized test in portfolio assessment students have a number of examples in their portfolios to exhibit attainment of a particular objective more willingly than just one sample taken during one testing circumstance (Mundell DeLario, 1994). Ryan Cooper (2008) in addition indicated that â€Å"standardized tests overemphasize technical information and underemphasize educator’s professional judgments about the worthiness of a school programs† (p. 396). With the increasing calls from the progressives for more crises solving, decisive thinking and inscribing skills in the schools, standardized tests do not measure these outcomes. Studies show that qualities such as vital thinking and predicament solving abilities are difficult to measure while using multiple choices and other objective tests hence this calls for portfolio assessment (Ryan Cooper, 2008). Standardized tests can not gauge genuine student performance on some momentous tasks. Due to these limitations associated with standardized tests portfolio assessment was developed which puts into consideration recital tests that gets closer to how students relate knowledge rather than how they accumulate it in their brains. Both portfolio assessment and standardized tests present different dimensions of determining how students can fair in their schooling process. According to Ryan Cooper (2008) using portfolio assessment, it is possible to determine how well the students understand scientific concepts and can carry out scientific processes by requesting them to perform actual experiments. Ryan Cooper (2008) says that â€Å"through portfolio assessment teachers are capable of measuring what they want students to be able to do rather than relying on them to choose the correct response on a multiple choice test item in standardized tests† (p. 396). A major advantage of portfolio assessment is that it reveals student’s escalation in a certain period of time. A major contrast between portfolio assessment and standardized tests is that in portfolio assessment, students are appraised against themselves and not judge against other students (Mundell DeLario, 1994). This implies that in portfolio assessment, students become talented at evaluating their ability and set logical targets hence they can see their enhancement over a specific time epoch as skills are disclosed on tasks and goals are arrived at. Mundell DeLario (1994) continues to say that in â€Å"portfolio assessment, evaluation is part of instruction and also it considered to be ongoing and there not just the final product is important but also the process and growth over time† (p. 3). Also portfolio assessment is considered to be wide as it takes into account the students concerns, personal know-how, inspiration, and tactics. In conclusion, the progressive’s reaction to portfolio assessment was considered far much better than standardized test because of its strengths. While standardized tests do not focus on students development, this criteria does not give the students an opportunity to develop their skills in a particular area and it is does not assess their strengths and weaknesses. The advantages of portfolio assessment outweighs those of standardized tests because students work harder on tasks giving them more ownership in their work besides increasing their responsibility for learning and enhances their self concepts as learners. References Mundell, S. B DeLario, K (1994). Practical portfolios: reading, writing, math, and life skills, grades 3-6, Santa Barbara, CA: Libraries Unlimited.Ryan, K    Cooper, J. M (2008). Those Who Can, Teach, Stamford, CT: Cengage Learning.Weiner, I. B, Freedheim, D. K, Graham, J. R. Naglieri, J.A (2003). Handbook of Psychology: Assessment psychology, Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons.

Logistics & Supply Chain Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Logistics & Supply Chain Management - Essay Example This essay declares that the production department manufactures the clients’ required products during the next sales period, the production department must contact the purchasing department. The production department must check to determine if the purchasing department orders the minimum required raw materials needed to manufacture the goods needed by the marketing or sales department. In terms of defining the road map, the inventory management aspect of XYZ Company is one of the many activities under the road map. Inventory management includes the manufacturing department’s responsibility of filling the client’s current needs, wants, and caprices. This paper makes a conclusion that XYZ Company which is one synergetic section of a large multi-national American organization they assemble transmissions for the North American Truck market. Further, The inclusion of computers to trace the current location of the company’s purchase requests will increase the XYZ Company’s decision making policies. The incorporation of computer technology and computer tracking system will ensure just in time resolution of a current supply chain bottleneck or hindrance. The use of roadmaps will aid the company to easily make better connection between the arrival of the XYZ Company’s raw materials purchases to the production of much-needed finished goods and services. The timely delivery of the finished products and services will enhance the XYZ Company’s service quality image among its current and prospective customers.

Emplyment interviews Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Emplyment interviews - Essay Example The main disadvantages are high cost and lack of anonymity. Still, this type of interviews is crucial for effective recruitment because it allows certain standardization of description. To effect the standardization and control for which procedures are designed, they are presented in a specific format conveying information for a particular action to be taken (Sammar et al 2009). The second type is a structured interview. During this interview, the action may be only one step in a series of steps or the entire series. Once formalized in this manner, procedures need to be followed explicitly to achieve their objectives. Hence the rigidity of bureaucracy. Sometimes exceptions may be made to a formalized procedure, but in that case the manner of making an exception is also formalized. In a systems context, a procedure is like a hard-wired circuit. It ensures predictability. The main advantages are high reliability and level of control. The main disadvantage is a law level of personal involvement of an interviewer. The third type is behavioral interviews. Much of the workers knowledge is conscious, obtained in schools, training, and / or on the job. But much of it is also subconscious, a distillation of experience in which personal solutions to problems encountered in the course of the workday may or may not have worked. The main advantages are the possibility t o measure attitudes and accurate reflection. The main disadvantage is subjectivity (influenced by age, income level, race, etc.). The forth type is situation interview. The environment created within the focus group is one in which the conscious knowledge of the participants comes together, and insights are expressed that may be new or may have only existed under the surface. As he or she leads the workshop, an emerging pride is evidenced by the participants in the interview analysis they use to do their jobs to the standards required for quality

Computers In Society :: essays research papers

Computers in Society My report is on the development of the computer for personal use by home consumers and their impact on society. Computers were being developed as early as the 1800’s and were more of a machine than a computer. The first digital computer that worked electronically was built by Clifford Berry and Dr. John V. Atanasoff in the late 30’s and early 40’s. The first computer as we know it was designed by Howard Aiken and built by IBM in 1944. This first computer was called the Mark I and was eight feet high and over fifty five feet long. It was made of steel and glass and was very unreliable and extremely noisy. The beginning of the commercial computer age was in June of 1951. This was when the UNIVAC (universal automatic computer) was delivered to a client. The client was the U.S. bureau of the census and was to be used for calculating the previous years census. This was the first time that a computer had been built for a business application rather than for the use of the military or for scientific or engineering use. These first computers came to be known as the first generation computers and used vacuum tubes, which were electronic tubes about the size of light bulbs as the internal computer components. However, due to the fact that literally thousands of these tubes were required, they generated enormous amounts of heat that caused many problems in the temperature regulation and climate control inside these computers. In addition every tube had to be working simultaneously in order for the computer to function and due to the short tube life (one failed every couple of hours) the compute r operators didn’t know if the problem was due to a programming error or the machine itself. These first generation computers also used a language called machine language that used numbers instead of today’s language’s that are more like English. In 1948 three Bell lab engineer’s John Bardeen, Walter Brattain, and William Shockley, developed the transistor, which was a small device that transfers electric signals across a resistor. The transistor would replace the vacuum tube that was being used in computers. The engineer’s later received the Nobel Prize for their invention. The transistor revolutionized the computer industry, because they were much smaller than vacuum tubes and had numerous advantages as well. They didn’t require any warm up time, they consumed less energy, were faster, and more reliable.

Organ Donations

Michael Aguila Prof. Leblanc SPC 21 October 2012 Organ Donation Topic: Organ Donation General Purpose: To educate the class on the importance of organ donations. Specific Purpose: To persuade the class to not let their organs go to waste. Thesis Statement: Donating your organs allows a life to be prolonged. It also allows scientific studies to prevent future occurrences or finding a cure for a disease. Organizational Pattern: Monroe’s Motivational Sequence Visual Aids: Power-Point Presentation. Introduction I.Attention-getter: (wow factor) The problem with organ donations is that you do not know how important it is until it happens to family, friends or yourself. The issue is it is not taken seriously, when all it takes is a trip to the DMV. It may be that no one in the room has had a family member that needed an organ, but maybe there is. Why does everyone want health insurance? It is to help your chances of survival and of course your pocket ($). Why not donate your organs a nd help save a life? It may be you that needs an organ one day! A. II. Credibility Statement: (why are you qualified to speak on this topic? I researched several sources on the importance of organ donation. I also have a friend that donated his bone marrow in order to save his sister’s life. In my research I also read situations where people have died due to not having an organ donor. III. Preview: The discussion of organ donation can seem to be a touchy subject, but the truth is anyone in this room may need an organ donation at any moment. What if on your way home today you get in an accident which is almost fatal, but you need a heart transplant to live. In the opposite prospective, you may be brain dead and your organs can save a child that was born with 1 bad kidney.You can save that child’s life. Then we also have organs that are bad, but can be studied to find a cure or to better understand the reason why the problem may occur. > Body I. Main Point 1 The importan ce of organ donation. A. Organ donation is important everywhere, but is only possible because people have to be willing to do so. 1. â€Å"Enough people to populate a small city — over 100,000 — are waiting for an organ donation in the United States. † (Mayo Clinic Staff). http://www. mayoclinic. com/health/organ-donation/FL00077 2. The ultimate act of human kindness. † (Dr. Moritsugu, previous surgeon general of the United States) http://www. nytimes. com/2007/08/28/health/28brod. html? _r=0 3. â€Å"Joshua Abbott was a lung transplant recipient who championed the cause of organ and tissue donation. To the legislature, he became the face of all those needing transplants. Josh became an organ transplant recipient at age 29 and an organ donor at age 30. He died in 2006, 11 months after receiving a double lung transplant due to complications from an illness. † (N. A. , 2009) http://www. donatelifeflorida. rg/content/joshua_abbott/? selected=5 A. The p roblems in acquiring organs for donations. 4. â€Å"Enough people to populate a small city — over 100,000 — are waiting for an organ donation in the United States. † (Mayo Clinic Staff). http://www. mayoclinic. com/health/organ-donation/FL00077 2. â€Å"The parents of Laurie McLendon, 42, chose to donate when their daughter suffered cardiac arrest at New York-Presbyterian Hospital. Two women received her kidneys, a burn unit received skin, her corneas went to an eye bank, and her liver was transplanted into a 61-year-old pediatric oncologist, Dr.Michael Harris of Englewood, N. J. , who had contracted hepatitis C years earlier while caring for a patient. † (N. A. , 2007) 3. â€Å"People typically wait three to five years for donated organs, and each day 17 of them die. † (N. A. , 2007) 4. â€Å"An estimated two in three Americans have not indicated their wishes about donation. † (Dr. Syed) http://www. irfi. org/articles/articles_101_150/organ _donation_problems. htm B. How to donate your organs. 1. You can let your immediate family know what you want done with your organs or have it written in a will. 2.Every state allows you to register to have your organs donated. Florida you can sign up via your DMV (online or in person) * > * II. Main Point 2: Donating organs while you are alive. C. How can you donate organs while you are alive? 5. â€Å"Living organ donation has become a common source of organs for those in need of organ transplantation, usually a kidney, bone marrow, and sometimes the portion of a liver.Less common is donation of a portion of a lung or small intestine. There are thousands of living donations in the US and around the world every year. † (2012 International Association of Living Organ Donors, Inc). http://www. livingdonorsonline. org/general. htm 6. â€Å"Donors are often a close relative but may also be individuals who are not related but have an established emotional relationship with the recipient such as a partner or close friend. † (N. A. , 2012) https://www. organdonation. nhs. uk/ukt/how_to_become_a_donor/questions/answers/answers_5. asp 7.Part of a liver can be transplanted and it may also be possible to donate a segment of a lung and, in a very small number of cases, part of the small bowel. D. What is the risk of donating organs while you are still alive? 1. â€Å"Living donation is major surgery. All complications of major surgery apply. † ( © 2012 Transplant Living. A service of the United Network for Organ Sharing, a non-profit 501(c)(3) organization. ) http://www. transplantliving. org/living-donation/being-a-living-donor/risks/ 2. â€Å"My friend Joshua donated some his bone marrow to his sister who had leukemia and is living today because of his act of kindness.He could have been paralyzed if the procedure had gotten wrong with the anesthesia, but is a low risk procedure. † 3. The Liver, Kidney, Lung Pancrease, and Intestinecan ca use longterm effect on the body. (United Network for Organ Sharing. 2011). http://www. transplantliving. org/living-donation/being-a-living-donor/risks/ > III. Main Point 3: Organ donations help scientific studies advance and can prolong life. E. Donating your body and organs to science 8. â€Å"One out of every 10 Americans is affected by liver disease.Liver disease is one of the top 10 causes of death in the United States. The liver supports almost every organ in the body and is vital for survival. Because of its location and many functions, the liver is prone to many diseases. There are over 100 liver diseases. The liver is necessary for survival; currently there is no way for the body to compensate for the absence of a functioning liver in the long term, although liver dialysis techniques can be used in the short term. The liver does have a great capacity to regenerate and has a large reserve capacity.In most cases, the liver only produces symptoms after extensive damage. † (N. A. , 2012) http://www. sciencecare. com/blog 9. â€Å"Medical schools have an ongoing need of bodies for teaching and research. The need may be especially urgent at osteopathic and chiropractic schools. † (N. A. , 2012) http://www. funerals. org/frequently-asked-questions/69-body-and-organ-donation-a-gift-to-science 10. Your body donation could help students learn to save lives or help researchers understand how different organs function so they can find cures and improve procedures. (N. A. , 2012) http://www. ehow. om/info_8005106_pros-cons-organ-body-donation. html F. Donating your body to science can save your family money. 11. â€Å"A basic burial averages close to $6,600 in the United States. Many people worry about the financial burden this places on their families. † (Freedman 2012) http://www. getrichslowly. org/blog/2012/01/30/how-to-donate-your-body-to-science/ Conclusion I. Review/Summary of Main Points: In conclusion, donating your organs can help in many ways. So get out there and make a difference by donating your organs. Not only can you save someone’s life, but someone may save yours one day. Works CitedWalmsley, Angela. â€Å"What the United Kingdom Can Teach the United States About School Uniforms. † OmniFile Full Text Mega (H. W. Wilson). Web. 11 Feb. 2012. . Tanner, Julian. â€Å"Education Canada. † Making Schools Safer? The Unintended Consequences of Good Intentions 43. 3 (2009): 12-15. OmniFile Full Text Mega (H. W. Wilson). Web. 12 Feb. 2012. . Starr, Jennifer. â€Å"Journal of Law & Education. † School Violence and Its Effect on the Constitutionality of Public School Uniform Policies. 29. 1 (2000): 113-18. OmniFile Full Text Mega (H. W. Wilson). Web. 12 Feb. 2012. . Bartsch and Cheurprakobkit. â€Å"Educational Research. † Security Measures on School Crime in Texas Middle and High Schools 47. 2 (2005):

Personal Narrative My Beautiful Girl - 1083 Words

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